Targeted therapy is an effective method for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the response was demonstrated only in EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients. Objectives of the study were to assess the overall response rate (ORR) for the targeted therapy in EGFR - mutated and non EGFR - mutated advanced NSCLC patients; Comparing the progressive-free survival (PFS) and the overall survival (OS) after the targeted therapy of these two groups of patients. 80 gefitinib or erlotinib - treated stage IIIB/IV NSCLC patients were selected for this study; Identify mutation by sequencing and Scorpions ARMS techniques; Observe the response of the targeted treatment after 3 and 6 months; compare the PFS and OS of the subgroups. no complete response was observed after 3 and 6 months of targeted treatment. ORR tends to decrease in non EGFR - mutated group compared with EGFR - mutated group. There was a statistically significant improvement in both PFS and OS of EGFR - mutated group. Gefitinib or erlotinib can prolong the survival of the advanced NSCLC patients harboring EGFR mutations.
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