Đánh giá chức năng đại tiện và một số yếu tố liên quan sau phẫu thuật nội soi cắt trước thấp điều trị ung thư trực tràng

Postoperative bowel movement dysfunction is a challenging problem that greatly affects the quality of life of patients after low anterior resection. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the bowel movement function of patients with rectal cancer who were undergone laparoscopic low anterior resection. Methods: Retrospective study of 82 rectal cancer patients who underwent laparoscopic low anterior resection from July 2018 to July 2020 at 108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam. Results: mean age was 62.3, there were 65.9% males and 34.1% females. The bowel movement function changed significantly after 1 year: the average score of LARS after 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year were 17.6; 14.0 and 10.6, respectively. In which, the rate of patients with major LARS after 3 months of 26.8% decreased to 14.6% after 1 year. Wexner score: after 3 months 5.9 decreased to 3.4 after 1 year. The rate of patients with normal bowel movements after 3 months 28.0% increased to 46.3% after 1 year. After 3 months, 11.0% of patients with complete faecal incontinence decreased to 7.3% after 1 year. Risk factors: preoperative chemoradiotherapy (p=0.017), tumor location (p=0.02) and method of anastomosis (p=0.01), anastomosis location (p=0.000) is associated with the major LARS after surgery. Conclusion: Bowel movement dysfunction in rectal cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic low anterior resection is a common and persistent problem after surgery. However, bowel function will gradually recover over time. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor and support patients to have a better quality of life.