The research aimed to analyze awareness of residence in one province of Northern Mountainous Area and one province of Red River Delta Area, to describe knowledge and analyze awareness of residence on hygiene latrine in Tan Hoa Commune- Phu Binh district- Thai Nguyen province and An My commune, Binh luc district, Ha Nam province in 2011. The results showed the percentage of respondents having good knowledge on hygiene latrine was low, only 13.3 percent of them mentioned about not polluted to the environment. Septic tank was the most favorite hygienic latrine to almost respondents. Very few of them mentioned to DVC and VIP latrines; Diarrhea was mainly mentioned relating to unhygienic latrine, accounted for more than 70 percent respondents in both communes. Cleanliness and no smell were mostly aware of hygienic latrine. The most difficult thing to use latrine was using human feces to compost. Based on the result, some solution to improve behavior change communication on hygienic latrine recommended.
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