The survey was conducted in 20 provinces, 60 districts and 120 communes. Using the cross-sectional descriptive method via quantitative methods, the study was aimed at assessing the knowledge and behaviour on prevention of infectious diseases. The knowledge and behaviour of the people was very limited; it is manifested through the following rates: Only approximately half of the respondents answered correctly on the definition of infectious diseases and common infectious pathogens (43.6 percent and 57 percent).The rate of subjects did not know the severe warning signs of dengue hemorrhagic fever, Japanese encephalitis, cholera, hand, foot and mouth was still very high (respectively 36.9 percent, 70 percent, 54.6 percent,47, 6 percent).On the measures to prevent infectious diseases, the high rate of respondents did not knowing any measure for prevention of Japanese encephalitis and hand, foot and mouth (39.9 percent and 22.8 percent).The real factors related to knowledge of infectious disease prevention of the community were ethnic, education and economic conditions of households. Behavior of the community on prevention of infectious diseases was better than knowledge, especially some behaviour on house and living environmentcleaning, hygiene eating behavior, hygiene food processing behaviorand behavior of prevention for children. The real factors related to the prevention of infectious disease behavior of the community including ethnic factors, sex, education, occupation and economic conditions.
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