Nghiên cứu đặc điểm lâm sàng và vi khuẩn học viêm phổi bệnh viện ở các bệnh nhân đột quỵ não cấp điều trị tại Trung tâm đột quỵ não, Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108

Objective: To evaluate the Clinical Characteristics and Bacteria of Nosocomial Pneumonia in the Patients with Acute Ischemic Strokes. Subject and method: A retrospective study. This survey was conducted in 82 acute ischemic stroke patients with nosocomial pneumonia, who were treated at the Stroke Center in the No.108 Central Military Hospital from January 2013 to July 2014. Result: The data showed that the patients with nosocomial pneumonia had severe clinical symptoms. Seventy-six percent of the sample were at the age of over 70. The prevalence of diabetes and prolonged mechanical ventilation were 41 percent and 66 percent respectively. The average time pneumonia occurred was 5 days after admission. 100 percent of the patients had the sepsis syndrome, namely, fever, high white blood cell count and typical bronchopulmonary symptom. The causes of nosocomial pneumonia were Klebsiella pneumonia (42 percent), Acinetobacter Baumanni (20 percent), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10 percent), and E - Coli (9 percent). These bacteria were highly resistant to the third generation of cephalosporin: E. Coli (70-90 percent), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (70-100 percent), Klebsiella Pneumonia (79 percent), Acinetobacter Baumanni (81-100 percent). The rate of resistance to Imipenem and Meropenem was also more than 30 percent. Conclusion: It is very important to select the suitable medications according to spectrum antibiotics for the treatment of stroke patients with nosocomial pneumonia. Antibiotics could be used in combination in order to enhance effects and to reduce the incidence of resistance.