Tình trạng nhiễm vi rút và vi khuẩn ở bệnh nhân sau ghép thận năm thứ nhất tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 (2016-2021)

To determine the cause of infection in kidney transplant patients in the first year after transplantation at 108 Military Central Hospital from 2016 to 2021. Subject and method: Longitudinal follow-up study on 71 first-time kidney transplant patients at 108 Military Central Hospital from December 2016 to May 2022. Patients were periodically followed up at 5 time points: 1 month (T1), 3 months (T3), 6 months (T6), 9 months (T9) and 12 months (T12). Result: Bacterial infection rate accounted for 38.0%, of which 23.9% urinary tract infection, 8.4% respiratory infection, and 5.6% gastrointestinal infection. Urinary tract infection at month 1 was statistically significantly higher than this rate at month 3, month 6 and month 9 after kidney transplantation (Mc-Nemar test, p<0.05). Among 51 patients (71.8%) infected with at least 1 of 5 viruses, BKV and JCV (50.7% and 33.8%), CMV (60.6%), EBV (7.0%) , HSV (4.2%). The rate of virus infection at the 6th month after kidney transplant was significantly higher than that at the time of 1, 2 and 12 after kidney transplantation (Mc-Nemar test, p<0.05). The rate of BKV infection at month 1 after kidney transplantation was statistically significantly lower than this rate at month 6 and month 9 after transplant. Conclusion: The rate of bacterial infections accounted for 38.0%, of which mainly urinary tract infections. Urinary tract infections accounted for the highest rate in the first month after transplantation. Rates of CMV, BKV, and JCV infections among patients in the first year after kidney transplantation are common, with the highest infection rates at 6 months post-transplant.