Objectives: To describe the overall compliance with hand hygiene and its associated factors in Intensive Care Unit, Bach Mai hospital (2012). Subjects: All healthcare workers of Intensive care unit including medical students. Methods: Hand hygiene compliance of healthcare workers during patient care was evaluated from April to May 2012 t using surveillance tool established by the WHO. Feedback on hand hygiene compliance was given through daily briefing to all healthcare workers and leaders of Intensive care unit. Results: During study period from April to May 2012 in Intensive care unit, Bach Mai hospital, a total of 1.603 opportunities for hand hygiene were observed, of them 1.457 were performed for an overall rate of 90.9 percent. Compliance ( varied from 88.2 percent to 93.6 percent by professional activities r and from 82.8 percent to 97.3 percent by hand hygiene indications. Factors associated with noncompliance found by logistic regression included activities such as after patient contact (OR = 3.0, p0.05); before patient contact (OR
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