Objective: Study on bacterial etiology and antibiotic resistance of bacteria in surgical site infections (SSIs) after cardiothoracic surgery at National Hospital of Pediatrics (NHP). Subjects and methods: a prospective descriptive study on 423 patients with cardiovascular surgery from 01/09/2011 to 31/08/2012 at Surgical ICU of NHP. The variables studied include bacteria identified in place of SSIs, the level of response antibiotic: sensitivity ($), intermediate (I), resistance (R), antibiotic prophylaxis for surgery... Results: The rate of SSIs in cardiovascular surgery patients was 4.96 percent. Isolation of 14 strains of pathogenic bacteria in 21 patients with SSIs: K. pneumonia (5/14), S. aureus (4/14), P.aerruginosa (2/014), S. paucimobilis (2/14), A. baumannii (1/14). The rate of antibiotic resistance encountered most bacteria. K. pneumoniae is sensitive to Colistin (5/5), Mynocyclin (5/5), S. aureus is sensitive to vancomycin (4/4). P.aeruginosa is sensitive to Colistin and Carbapenem groups. A. baumannii is sensitive to Colistin, Ciprofloxacin and Tobramycin. Conclusion: Bacteria found in SSIs after pediatric cardiothoracic surgery are K. pneumoniae, S. aureus, P.aerruginosa, S. paucimobilis, A. baumannii. Antibiotic resistance seen in most bacterial species, K. Pneumoniae sensitive to Colistin and Mynocyclin; S.aureus is good sensitive to Vancomycin.
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