Research done in 2012 in Nghe An province. Objective: Determine the prevalence of Thalassemia disease and a number of factors related to the rate of gene carriers in young ethnic Thai, Mong in Ky Son and Quy Hop districts, Nghe An province for 2012. Subjects and Methods: The study conducted on 1221 children from 6 years old to 15 years old are ethnic Thai and Mong thoroughbred 3 life ; 1221 children and 120 parents commune and village . Method of crosssectional descriptive study combined quantitative and qualitative. Clinical examination, blood tests some haematological indices; combines in-depth interviews parents and govemment officIals, social health in 8 of the study area. Results: 131 children in 1221 on the strength of positive erythrocyte osmotic, 52/ 131 children on cell phones is positive, the proportion of children carrying genetic diseases Thai and H'mong ethnic Nghe An province is 4.3 percent. Distribution of Thalassemia disease -related genes ethnic marriages and inbreeding practices (p 0.05). Gene carriers in 52 children, 18 children with married parents inbreeding. There were correlations between statistical significance and gene carriers rate average erythrocyte volume (MCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), the average amount of hemoglobin in a red blood cell (MCH), mean hemoglobin concentration erythrocyte (MCHC), erythrocyte osmotic strength and power for cell hemoglobin (p 0.05).
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