Nghiên cứu đặc điểm lâm sàng và cắt lớp vi tính phổi ở bệnh nhân hậu COVID-19

This article aims to describe the clinical characteristics of pulmonary sequelae of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and analyze the chest computed tomography (CT) images of patients with COVID-19 disease when discharged and after 3 to 6 months of follow-up. Materials and methods: Descriptive longitudinal study of a total of 235 patients with COVID-19 treated at National Lung Hospital and Phu Tho Provincial Hospital who were recruited and followed up for six months after discharge. Results: Most chest CT scans showed bilateral pulmonary lesions in the peripheral regions after 3 and 6 months of follow-up, appearing to disappear or remain with a tiny size. The most common CT findings were ground-glass opacities and parenchymal fibrous bands found in 213 patients (90,6%) and 33 patients (14,0%). After three months of follow-up, 212 patients observed had 110 (51,9%) ground glass opacity lesions and 81 (38,2%) parenchymal fibrous band lesions. After six months, 186 patients observed had 91 (48,9%) ground glass opacity lesions and 84 (45,2%) parenchymal fibrous band lesions. The number of damaged lung lobes on CT scan decreased after 3 months and after 6 months there were ground glass lesions, increasing the organization of parenchymal fibrous lesions but forming smaller fibrous bands. Total CT score increased gradually, applying in disease severity at both 3-month follow-ups (P< 0,001) and 6-month follow-ups (P<0,001). Patients with varying degrees of disease represent diverse CT image patterns that change over time. Conclusion: The most common pulmonary injury characteristics on CT scans include the disappearance of ground-glass opacity lesions and the miniaturization of parenchymal fibrous band lesions after 3 and 6 months of follow-up. Patients with different degrees of disease exhibit various CT changes, clearly indicating the need for long-term observation of patients with severe and critical conditions.