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Anemia is hematological disorders that are quite frequent in all age group. Bone Marrow Aspiration plays a major role in the diagnosis of its underlying cause. Objective: To evaluate the grade, classification and the causes of anemia through interpret the blood counts and bone marrow' aspiration findings. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective and prospective study carried 'out at 108 military central hospital from 1/2008 to 12/2013 on 506 anemic patient. Bone marrow aspiration of all patients was carried out. Results: mild anemia 42,1 percent, moderate anemia 46,6 percent and severe anemia 11,3 percent. Normochromic normocytic anemIa 59,3 percent, microcytic hypochromic 34,6 percent and Macrocytic hyperchromic 6,1 percent. Out of 506 anemic patients was performed bone marrow aspiration, plasmocytic hyperplasia was seen in 16,6 percent, erythroid hyperplasia was seen in 15,2 percent). erythroid hypoplasia was seen in 13,1 percent. Acute leukemia was diagnosed in 16 patients (3,1 percent) 11 cases acute myeloid and 5 acute lymphoid leukemia. 43,3 percent anemic patients with normal bone marrow aspiration. Conclusion: Bone marrow aspiration is an important step to arrive at the confirmatory diagnosis of many hematological disorders causing anemia.