Purpose: To describe the clinical and microbiological characteristics of microbial keratitis at the Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology (VNIO). Methods: An observational prospective study on 225 patients, suspected of microbial keratitis, presenting to VNIO from August 2010 to April 2011. Data collected included age, gender, occupation, history of the presenting and past ocular illness, past and current use of ocular medications and whether or not they had a history of trauma or contact lens use. All patients were examined, corneal cultures and scrapings were performed by ophthalmologist. Smear and culture results were gatheredfrom the microbiological department. Results: The most common riskfactors were ocular traumas (42.22 percent), 53.68 percent of those were agricultural injuries. None of the patients was contact lens user. Self-medications were common (40 percent). The culturepositive rate was 56.44 percent. The ratio of fungi to bacteria was 9.6 to 1. The most common bacteria isolated were Pseudomonas spp (50 percent), followed by Streptococcus spp (33.34 percent). Of all fungi identified, Fusarium spp accounted for 30.44 percent, followed by Aspergillus spp. (13.04 percent). Acanthamoeba was identified in 1 case. Conclusions: The common riskfactors associated with microbial keratitis were ocular trauma. Over the counter medications were commonly used. Fungi are the predominant causative organisms.
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