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Ventilator- Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is a common complication in patient who is on ventilator with the prevalence rate of 50 percent. It also impacts on hospitalized duration, treatment cost as well as mortality. Subject: "Initially analysis the etiologies of ventilator- associated pneumonia and evaluation on effectiveness of the method using continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions for patients who were on mechanical ventilation. The goals: To evaluate effectiveness of the method using continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions in preventing from ventilator-associated pneumonia. Objects and method: from 9/2009 to 6/2012 at the Emergency Department and ICU Bach Mai hospital, there were 105 patients who had met all the criteria selected to the study and the patients were divided into two groups: 52 patients who were randomized to receive continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions the authors called the study group, and the other 53 patient were involved in the control group with the conventional care. The results: The ratio of VAP in the study group was 23.1 percent versus 47,6 percent in the control group (p0.05). There were significant reduction of VAP (RR 0.44, 95 percent CI: 0.35; 0.92) in the study group using continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions as well as to slow down a process to get VAP in mechanical ventilated patients 3 days (95 percent CI