Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) is a poor prognostic indicator encephalitis. The treatment of increased intracranial pressure is for two objectives: reduction and prevention of the increase of intracranial pressure; and supporting perfusion and oxygenation the brain-injured areas. Therefore, the identification of ICP's prognostic thresholds with the ability of fatal and survivor of the patients is an important factor for preventing secondary brainischemia caused by the increasing ICP. Method: This is a observer-prospective method. All pediatric patients from 1 month to 16 years who were diagnosed with encephalitis and were indicated for measuring intracranial pressure will be included in the research. Result: During 3 years, 29 encephalitis patients were measured by ICP. In which 14 live and 15 died, 79 percent encephalitis patients were not found the root causes. Only 34 percent of patients are success in maintaining ICP below 20 mmHg, CPP above 40 mmHg and MAP above 60 mmHg. Almost all alive patients have maintained ICP below 20 mmHg (p0,001), while 100 percent died patients have highest ICP, more than 40 mmHg (p0,001). Conclusion: ICP below 20 mmHg is the goal for treatment of intracranial pressure. This is also a good prognosis index for the treatment outcome of increased intracranial pressure due to encephalitis.
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