Mối liên quan kiểu gen metallo-β-lactamase NDM, IMP, VIM với đề kháng carbapenem ở một số trực khuẩn gram âm trên bệnh nhân viêm phổi tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa thành phố Cần Thơ năm 2022-2023

Determine the genotype rate and association between of metallo - β - lactamase NDM, IMP, and VIM genotypes with carbapenem antibiotic resistance of gram-negative bacilli Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in pneumonia patients at Can Tho City General Hospital in 2022-2023. Materials and methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study on 92 gram-negative bacilli in pneumonia patients. Results: In the study group of gram-negative bacilli, NDM genotype accounted for 96.8%, IMP genotype accounted for 32.3%, and VIM genotype accounted for 1.6%. The prevalence rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae carrying the NDM gene were 63.6%, 6.1% for NDM+IMP genes, and 3.0% for NDM+IMP+VIM genes. The rates of single NDM gene and two NDM+IMP genes combination in Escherichia coli were 15.0% and 5.0%, respectively. In Acinebacter baumannii, the rates of single gene NDM, single gene IMP, and the combination of two NDM+IMP genes were 40.0%, 7.1%, and 25.0%, respectively. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the rates of the single NDM gene combination and the two NDM+IMP gene combination were 36.4% and 63.6%, respectively. We observed a significant association between carbapenem resistance and NDM genotype in gram-negative bacilli (p<0.001), with an OR=22.56 (95% CI: 4.68 - 108.76). Conclusions: In a study group, the distribution of gene combinations for each type of gram-negative bacilli was examined. One strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae was found to carry a combination of three genes. The NDM genotype and NDM monogene combination were found to be associated with carbapenem resistance (p < 0.05).